Willer Academy
Class 9 Biology - NCERT Supplement
Chapter 6: Improvement in Food Resources
Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security
Chapter 6: Improvement in Food Resources - Detailed Notes
1. Introduction to Food Resources
Key Concept: With the growing population, improving food production through sustainable agricultural practices is essential for food security.
Crop Production
Growing plants for food, fiber, and other products
Animal Husbandry
Rearing animals for milk, meat, eggs, and other products
2. Crop Improvement Techniques
Crop Variety Improvement
Developing high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties through hybridization and genetic engineering
Crop Production Management
Nutrient management, irrigation, and cropping patterns for optimal growth
Crop Protection Management
Protecting crops from weeds, insects, pests, and diseases
3. Types of Crops
| Crop Type | Examples | Growing Season |
|---|---|---|
| Cereals | Wheat, rice, maize, barley | Kharif/Rabi |
| Pulses | Gram, pea, lentil, kidney bean | Rabi |
| Oilseeds | Mustard, sunflower, groundnut | Kharif/Rabi |
| Vegetables | Tomato, potato, onion, cabbage | Kharif/Rabi |
| Fruits | Mango, apple, banana, orange | Perennial |
Cropping Seasons:
• Kharif: June-October (rainy season)
• Rabi: November-April (winter season)
• Zaid: March-June (summer season)
4. Animal Husbandry
Pisciculture
Rearing of fish for commercial purposes
Poultry Farming
Raising domesticated birds for eggs and meat
Dairy Farming
Management of animals for milk and milk products
Apiculture
Maintenance of honeybee colonies for honey production
Animal Breeding
Selective breeding for improved animal varieties
5. Sustainable Agricultural Practices
Organic Farming: Farming system using organic wastes and biological materials, avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Environmentally sensitive approach to pest control using a combination of techniques.
6. Food Storage and Preservation
Refrigeration
Slowing bacterial growth with low temperatures
Canning
Sealing food in airtight containers
Drying/Dehydration
Removing moisture to prevent microbial growth
Multiple Choice Questions (20 Questions)
Select the correct answer for each question. Each question carries 1 mark.
1. Which of the following is a kharif crop?
2. The practice of breeding and raising fish is called:
3. Which of these is NOT a micronutrient required by plants?
4. What is the main advantage of mixed cropping?
Test Progress: 0/20 questions answered
Short Answer Questions (5 Questions - 2 Marks Each)
Answer these questions in 30-50 words.
1. What are macronutrients and micronutrients in plant nutrition?
2. Differentiate between mixed cropping and intercropping.
3. What is the significance of animal husbandry?
4. Explain the term 'hybridization' in crop improvement.
5. What are the advantages of organic farming?
Subjective Questions (5 Questions - 5 Marks Each)
Answer these questions in detail (100-150 words).
1. Explain various methods of crop variety improvement. How do they contribute to food security?
2. Describe different irrigation methods and their significance in agriculture.
3. What is integrated farming system? Explain its benefits with examples.
4. Discuss the role of animal husbandry in improving food resources.
5. Explain sustainable agricultural practices and their importance for future generations.
Performance Feedback & Ranking
Overall Performance Summary
You have completed the Chapter 6: Improvement in Food Resources test. Here's your performance analysis:
| Section | Questions | Attempted | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| MCQ Test | 20 | 20 | 18/20 |
| Short Answer | 5 | 5 | 9/10 |
| Subjective | 5 | 5 | 22/25 |
| Total | 30 | 30 | 49/55 |
Strengths:
- Excellent understanding of crop improvement techniques
- Strong grasp of animal husbandry practices
- Good knowledge of sustainable agricultural methods
Areas for Improvement:
- Need more practice on irrigation methods
- Review differences between various cropping patterns
- Work on understanding food preservation techniques
Recommendations:
Study the various irrigation systems in detail. Create comparison charts for different agricultural practices. Focus on organic farming and its benefits.
Your Performance Rank
Outstanding performance! You scored in the top 5% of Willer Academy students.
Your understanding of food resource management is exceptional. Keep up the great work!
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